A sand sea is in the lower center on the right, but desert pavement, gray in color, dominates this desert. This Landsat image shows the Turpan Depression in the rain shadow desert of the Tian Shan of China. A desert is formed in the leeside "shadow" of therange.
As air rises over the mountain, water is precipitated and the airloses its moisture content. Rain shadow deserts are formed because tall mountain rangesprevent moisture-rich clouds from reaching areas on the lee, or protected side,of the range. Winds will shortly cover or remove these features. TheSonoran Desert of southwestern North America is a typical midlatitude desert.Ī rare rain in the Tengger, a midlatitude desert of China, exposes ripples and a small blowout on the left. These deserts are in interiordrainage basins far from oceans and have a wide range of annual temperatures. and S.,poleward of the subtropical highpressure zones. Midlatitude deserts occur between 30° and 50° N. It contains complex linear dunes that are separated by almost 6 kilometers. The Sahara of Africa is the world's largest desert. The world's largestdesert, the Sahara of North Africa, which has experienced temperatures as high as57° C, is a trade wind desert. Most of the majordeserts of the world lie in areas crossed by the trade winds. These dry windsdissipate cloud cover, allowing more sunlight to heat the land. The trade winds in two belts on the equatorial sides of theHorse Latitudes heat up as they move toward the Equator. Former desert areas presently in nonarid environments are paleodeserts,and extraterrestrial deserts exist on other planets. Deserts are classified by their geographical location and dominant weatherpattern as trade wind, midlatitude, rain shadow, coastal, monsoon, or polardeserts.
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